Mark 12:1-12

2 Peter 1:2-7

Psalm 91:1-2, 14-15b, 15c-16

Mark 12:1-12

Jesus began to speak to the chief priests, the scribes,

and the elders in parables.

“A man planted a vineyard, put a hedge around it,

dug a wine press, and built a tower.

Then he leased it to tenant farmers and left on a journey.

At the proper time he sent a servant to the tenants

to obtain from them some of the produce of the vineyard.

But they seized him, beat him,

and sent him away empty-handed.

Again he sent them another servant.

And that one they beat over the head and treated shamefully.

He sent yet another whom they killed.

So, too, many others; some they beat, others they killed.

He had one other to send, a beloved son.

He sent him to them last of all, thinking, ‘They will respect my son.’

But those tenants said to one another, ‘This is the heir.

Come, let us kill him, and the inheritance will be ours.’

So they seized him and killed him,

and threw him out of the vineyard.

What then will the owner of the vineyard do?

He will come, put the tenants to death,

and give the vineyard to others.

Have you not read this Scripture passage:

The stone that the builders rejected

has become the cornerstone;

by the Lord has this been done,

and it is wonderful in our eyes?”

They were seeking to arrest him, but they feared the crowd,

for they realized that he had addressed the parable to them.

So they left him and went away.

Opening Prayer: Lord God, help me to welcome messengers and your Son. I want to conform my life to your Word. Inspire me to know what to teach my family, to produce good fruit for the Kingdom, and to love my neighbor.

Encountering the Word of God

1. The Parable of the Wicked Tenants: In the Gospel, Jesus refuses to speak directly to the religious leaders about the nature and origin of his authority. He chooses, rather, to speak to them about his divine authority through parables, which hide the divine mysteries from the proud and reveal them to the humble. On the one hand, the Parable of the Wicked Tenants gives a powerful account of Jesus’ authority and, on the other, discredits the authority of his opponents. Earlier, Jesus hinted that his authority was from heaven. Now, he tells the parable to reveal that he has authority because he is the Son of God. He is God’s unique and most privileged agent. He has the right to pronounce judgment on the Temple because he is the son of the true owner of Mount Zion (Tim Gray, The Temple in the Gospel of Mark, 61).

2. The New Temple and the New Leaders of Israel: Jesus is the beloved son rejected by the wicked tenants but vindicated by the Lord. The parable teaches us that the old leaders of Israel have rejected Jesus as the Son of God and as the Cornerstone of the New Temple. This rejection recalls the story found in Ezra about the beginnings of the Second Temple. When Judah returned from Exile and the humble foundation stone was laid for the Second Temple, the younger generation rejoiced but the older group priests, Levites, and elders began to weep. The latter group didn’t think that the humble beginning of the new Temple matched to glory of the Old Temple of Solomon. The same thing happens in Jesus’ day. Jesus is the Son of David leading the people out of exile. He lays the foundation stone for the New Temple. The crowds rejoice and praise this new work, but many of the leading priests, scribes, and elders despise and reject this humble beginning. “Locked in the old ways of being Israel, they reject the new plans the Lord has for them. The builders reject the would-be cornerstone of the new Zion, but the Lord himself promises that the work will be completed. Despite the humble beginnings, the splendor of the new temple will be greater than that of the old” (Gray, The Temple in the Gospel of Mark, 76). When the old leaders put Jesus to death, Jesus will rise from the dead and hand over the vineyard of the Lord to his apostles, the new leaders of the new Israel. 

3. Why We Read Second Peter Today and Tomorrow: During the Ninth Week in Ordinary Time, we will read from Mark, chapter 12, a chapter that narrates some of Jesus’ actions and words before his passion and death. It is appropriate that we read from Second Peter today and tomorrow because it is a letter that encourages Christians to await Christ’s second coming by living a holy life (2 Peter 3:11). Second Peter reminds his hearers of the truth of God’s Word (2 Peter 1:12) and warns them against false teachers (2 Peter 2:1). “In the foreground of the letter are a set of opponents whom Peter accuses of two things: first, they are skeptics who deny the promise of Christ’s return and the final judgment; second, they live and teach an immoral way of life not in accord with the gospel” (Keating, First and Second Peter, Jude, 129). Peter teaches that Jesus will come again in glory as our judge. Peter calls us to live a holy and blameless life of virtue as we wait for Christ’s return. We are able to be holy, not because we are naturally strong, but because we have been made “partakers of the divine nature” (2 Peter 1:4) through the grace of Christ.

Conversing with Christ: Lord Jesus, I want to be prepared for the day of my definitive encounter with you. You will come in glory to judge me. Help me to know truly and deeply what I am doing well and what I need to correct.

Living the Word of God: If God were to ask me for the fruits I have produced throughout my life, what would I show him? If there are good fruits, am I humble of heart and thankful for the good God has done in me? If there are many bad fruits, what do I need to change to produce good fruit?